Introduction
We will be tackling a hacking challenge today on tryhackme, where the community have created multiple challenges. you can participate in these challenges freely.
Specifically, I will be providing a walkthrough on the crack the hash challenge. This challenge comprises nine tasks, which I will explain in detail, one by one.
Tools used for hash analyzing and cracking hashes
Task 1 - md5
hash: 48bb6e862e54f2a795ffc4e541caed4d
First we need to identify the hash type using tools like hash-identifier or online hash analyzer sites like hash-analyzer
so it is an MD5 hash now to crack it we can use tools like hashcat or online platform like crackstation
Answer: easy
Task 2 - sha1
hash: CBFDAC6008F9CAB4083784CBD1874F76618D2A97
similarly we can find this one also on crackstation. this time it is a sha1 hash
Answer: password123
Task 3 - sha256
hash: 1C8BFE8F801D79745C4631D09FFF36C82AA37FC4CCE4FC946683D7B336B63032
again we will use crackstation. this time it is a sha256 hash
Answer: letmein
Task 4 - bcrypt
hash: $2y$12$Dwt1BZj6pcyc3Dy1FWZ5ieeUznr71EeNkJkUlypTsgbX1H68wsRom
Analyzing hash type using hash-analyzer we can see it is a bcrypt hash
This hash is difficult to crack using online tools, which is why we can use tools such as hashcat
Hashcat
Hashcat is a password cracking tool that uses brute-force, dictionary, and rule-based attacks to recover passwords from various types of hashed data.
to install hashcat → sudo apt install hashcat. to crack hashes using hashcat we provide it the hashhashed.txt a wordlist i.e. rockyou.txt and -m switch for mode (mode specify hash type)for bcrypt mode is -m 3200
Asad@Kali:~/tools/hashcat$ ./hashcat64.bin -m 3200 hash.txt ../rockyou.txt
Answer: bleh
Task 5 - md4
Hash: 279412f945939ba78ce0758d3fd83daa
again the same process identify the hash using hash-analyzer and crack it using hashcat
./hashcat64.bin -m 900 hash.txt rockyou.txt
this one was also present on crackstation
Answer: Ethernity22
Task 6 - sha256
hash: F09EDCB1FCEFC6DFB23DC3505A882655FF77375ED8AA2D1C13F640FCCC2D0C85
same drill - identify hash type → hash-analyzer
Hashcat
asad@kali:~/tools/hashcat$ ./hashcat64.bin -m 1400 hash.txt ../rockyou.txt
hashcat (v5.1.0) starting...
* Device #1: WARNING! Kernel exec timeout is not disabled.
This may cause "CL_OUT_OF_RESOURCES" or related errors.
To disable the timeout, see: https://hashcat.net/q/timeoutpatch
nvmlDeviceGetFanSpeed(): Not Supported
OpenCL Platform #1: NVIDIA Corporation
======================================
* Device #1: GeForce MX130, 501/2004 MB allocatable, 3MCU
Hashes: 1 digests; 1 unique digests, 1 unique salts
Bitmaps: 16 bits, 65536 entries, 0x0000ffff mask, 262144 bytes, 5/13 rotates
Rules: 1
Applicable optimizers:
* Zero-Byte
* Early-Skip
* Not-Salted
* Not-Iterated
* Single-Hash
* Single-Salt
* Raw-Hash
Minimum password length supported by kernel: 0
Maximum password length supported by kernel: 256
ATTENTION! Pure (unoptimized) OpenCL kernels selected.
This enables cracking passwords and salts > length 32 but for the price of drastically reduced performance.
If you want to switch to optimized OpenCL kernels, append -O to your commandline.
Watchdog: Temperature abort trigger set to 90c
Dictionary cache hit:
* Filename..: ../rockyou.txt
* Passwords.: 14344385
* Bytes.....: 139921507
* Keyspace..: 14344385
f09edcb1fcefc6dfb23dc3505a882655ff77375ed8aa2d1c13f640fccc2d0c85:paule
Session..........: hashcat
Status...........: Cracked
Hash.Type........: SHA2-256
Hash.Target......: f09edcb1fcefc6dfb23dc3505a882655ff77375ed8aa2d1c13f...2d0c85
Time.Started.....: Thu Sep 5 16:44:44 2019 (1 sec)
Time.Estimated...: Thu Sep 5 16:44:45 2019 (0 secs)
Guess.Base.......: File (../rockyou.txt)
Guess.Queue......: 1/1 (100.00%)
Speed.#1.........: 12297.6 kH/s (3.26ms) @ Accel:1024 Loops:1 Thr:64 Vec:1
Recovered........: 1/1 (100.00%) Digests, 1/1 (100.00%) Salts
Progress.........: 196608/14344385 (1.37%)
Rejected.........: 0/196608 (0.00%)
Restore.Point....: 0/14344385 (0.00%)
Restore.Sub.#1...: Salt:0 Amplifier:0-1 Iteration:0-1
Candidates.#1....: 123456 -> piggy9
Hardware.Mon.#1..: Temp: 60c Util: 0% Core:1189MHz Mem:2505MHz Bus:4
Started: Thu Sep 5 16:44:42 2019
Stopped: Thu Sep 5 16:44:46 2019
f09edcb1fcefc6dfb23dc3505a882655ff77375ed8aa2d1c13f640fccc2d0c85:paule
Crackstation
Answer: pauke
task 7 - NTLM
Hash: 1DFECA0C002AE40B8619ECF94819CC1B
this time it is a NTLM hash we can find it in crackstation
Answer: n63umy8lkf4i
task 8 - sha512 (salted)
hash: $6$aReallyHardSalt$6WKUTqzq.UQQmrm0p/T7MPpMbGNnzXPMAXi4bJMl9be.cfi3/qxIf.hsGpS41BqMhSrHVXgMpdjS6xeKZAs02
Salt: aReallyHardSalt
$6$ is a sha512crypt
it is a salted sha512 hash we can use hashcat to crack it
asad@kali:~/tools$ ./hashcat/hashcat64.bin -m 1800 sha512.hash rockyou.txt --session sha512
hashcat (v5.1.0) starting...
* Device #2: WARNING! Kernel exec timeout is not disabled.
This may cause "CL_OUT_OF_RESOURCES" or related errors.
To disable the timeout, see: https://hashcat.net/q/timeoutpatch
nvmlDeviceGetFanSpeed(): Not Supported
OpenCL Platform #1: Intel(R) Corporation
========================================
* Device #1: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8250U CPU @ 1.60GHz, skipped.
OpenCL Platform #2: NVIDIA Corporation
======================================
* Device #2: GeForce MX130, 501/2004 MB allocatable, 3MCU
Hashes: 1 digests; 1 unique digests, 1 unique salts
Bitmaps: 16 bits, 65536 entries, 0x0000ffff mask, 262144 bytes, 5/13 rotates
Rules: 1
Applicable optimizers:
* Zero-Byte
* Single-Hash
* Single-Salt
* Uses-64-Bit
Minimum password length supported by kernel: 0
Maximum password length supported by kernel: 256
ATTENTION! Pure (unoptimized) OpenCL kernels selected.
This enables cracking passwords and salts > length 32 but for the price of drastically reduced performance.
If you want to switch to optimized OpenCL kernels, append -O to your commandline.
Watchdog: Temperature abort trigger set to 90c
Dictionary cache hit:
* Filename..: rockyou.txt
* Passwords.: 14344385
* Bytes.....: 139921507
* Keyspace..: 14344385
[s]tatus [p]ause [b]ypass [c]heckpoint [q]uit => s
Session..........: sha512
Status...........: Running
Hash.Type........: sha512crypt $6$, SHA512 (Unix)
Hash.Target......: $6$aReallyHardSalt$6WKUTqzq.UQQmrm0p/T7MPpMbGNnzXPM...ZAs02.
Time.Started.....: Thu Sep 5 18:23:56 2019 (10 mins, 59 secs)
Time.Estimated...: Thu Sep 5 19:27:46 2019 (52 mins, 51 secs)
Guess.Base.......: File (rockyou.txt)
Guess.Queue......: 1/1 (100.00%)
Speed.#2.........: 3746 H/s (18.22ms) @ Accel:64 Loops:32 Thr:32 Vec:1
Recovered........: 0/1 (0.00%) Digests, 0/1 (0.00%) Salts
Progress.........: 2463744/14344385 (17.18%)
Rejected.........: 0/2463744 (0.00%)
Restore.Point....: 2463744/14344385 (17.18%)
Restore.Sub.#2...: Salt:0 Amplifier:0-1 Iteration:2784-2816
Candidates.#2....: จคภจจ/ภ-ึจ -> zz336649
Hardware.Mon.#2..: Temp: 86c Util: 93% Core:1137MHz Mem:2505MHz Bus:4
Answer: waka99
task 9 - sha1(salted)
hash: e5d8870e5bdd26602cab8dbe07a942c8669e56d6
Salt: tryhackme
can be solved using hashcat using mode -m 110
asad@kali:~/tools/hashcat$ ./hashcat64.bin -m 110 ../hash.sha1 ../rockyou.txt
Answer: 481616481616
Conclusion
In conclusion, hash cracking is a process of attempting to recover passwords from hashed data using specialized software tools like Hashcat. It is a useful technique for security professionals to assess the strength of passwords and improve overall security measures. If you found this write-up helpful, please consider sharing it with others who may also benefit from learning about hash cracking.